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Interactive Explainable Fair Machine Learning: A Human-in-the-Loop Framework for Bias Detection and Mitigation
The expansion of machine-learning frameworks into sectors with significant end-user consequences has heightened concerns regarding the equity of trained models, particularly the necessity of preventing biases that disadvantage distinct demographic sub-groups. The majority of current bias-mitigation techniques adjust the relative weight of data observations during the pre-processing phase. Because fairness depends heavily on context, we support an interactive machine-learning strategy that empowers human supervisors to offer iterative guidance for model refinement. To this end, we adapt the explanatory interactive machine-learning framework Caipi for equitable machine learning. This modified approach, FairCaipi, integrates human-in-the-loop interventions regarding both model predictions and underlying explanations to enhance model equity. Empirical outcomes indicate that FairCaipi outpaces a state-of-the-art pre-processing bias mitigation strategy in both the equity metrics and the predictive accuracy of the resulting machine-learning framework. We show that FairCaipi serves to expose and minimize algorithmic bias in machine-learning architectures while simultaneously identifying underlying human bias.
Journal of Trustworthy and Explainable Intelligent Systems
Original Research | Open access | 15 September 2025 | Article: 68